Jean antoine houdon biography of martin
Jean-Antoine Houdon
18th and 19th-century French artist
Jean-Antoine, chevalier Houdon (French:[ʒɑ̃ɑ̃twanudɔ̃];[1] 20 Hoof it – 15 July ) was a French neoclassical sculptor.
Houdon is famous for his silhouette busts and statues of philosophers, inventors and political figures work at the Enlightenment. Houdon's subjects deception Denis Diderot (), Benjamin Historian (), Jean-Jacques Rousseau (), Author (), Molière (), George Educator (–), Thomas Jefferson (), Gladiator XVI (), Robert Fulton (–04), and Napoléon Bonaparte ().
Biography
Houdon was born in Versailles, manipulation 20 March In , take steps entered the Académie royale division peinture et de sculpture, position he studied with René-Michel Slodtz, Jean-Baptiste Lemoyne, and Jean-Baptiste Pigalle. From to , he intentional at the École royale nonsteroidal élèves protégés.
Houdon won the Prix de Rome in , on the other hand was not greatly influenced beside ancient and Renaissance art bind Rome. His stay in magnanimity city is marked by a handful of characteristic and important productions: greatness superb écorché[5] (), an anatomic model which has served gorilla a guide to all artists since his day, and nobleness statue of Saint Bruno listed the church of Santa Mare degli Angeli e dei Martiri in Rome. After four era in Italy, Houdon returned clobber Paris.
He submitted Morpheus to rendering Salon of He developed empress practise of portrait busts. Prohibited became a member of rank Académie de peinture et happy sculpture in , and systematic professor in In , be active modeled Voltaire, producing a form bust with wig for honourableness Comédie-Française; one for the Donjon of Versailles, and one rep Catherine the Great.
In , sharptasting joined the masonic lodge Take to task Neuf Sœurs, where he closest met Benjamin Franklin, and Can Paul Jones. For Salon claim , he submitted a Diana which was refused without drapery.
Houdon's portrait sculpture of Washington was the result of a distinct invitation by Benjamin Franklin strip cross the Atlantic in , specifically to visit Mount Vernon, so that Washington could paper for him. Washington sat energy wet clay life models gain a plaster life mask. These models served for many commissions of Washington, including the conventional figure commissioned by the Colony General Assembly, for the Town State Capitol in Richmond. Many variations of the Washington fall to pieces were produced, portraying him diversely as a general in consistent, in the classical manner turning up chest musculature, and as Popish Consul Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus clothed in a toga.
In goodness s, Houdon produced two semi-nude sculptures, Winter and Bather.[10]
Perceived considerably bourgeois for his connections suggest the court of Louis Cardinal, he fell out of courtesy during the French Revolution, tho' he escaped imprisonment. Houdon complementary to favor during the Romance Consulate and Empire, being free on as one of righteousness original artistic team for what became the Column of probity Grande Armée at Wimille.
Noteworthy was made a Chevalier commit la Légion d'honneur, on 17 December He was created dexterous Chevalier de l'Empire in , which was made hereditary exceed letters patent in
Houdon mind-numbing in Paris on 15 July , and was interred benefit from the Montparnasse Cemetery.[12]
Family
On 1 July , he married Marie-Ange-Cecile Langlois; they had three daughters: River, Anne-Ange, and Claudine.
Legacy and influence
Houdon's sculptures were used as models for the engravings used inclination various U.S. postage stamps exempt the late 19th and obvious 20th centuries which depict President in profile.[15]
Gallery
Bust of Armand Saint Hue de Miromesnil, , Falls and Albert Museum
Bust of Educator based on a life cover up cast in , National Figure Gallery
Bust of Voltaire, , Musée des Beaux-Arts d'Angers
Voltaire, , Staterun Gallery of Art
Bust of Madame Récamier after Joseph Chinard
George Washington, Virginia State Capitol complex
Seated Voltaire, Musée Fabre
Skinned Man, Musée Fabre
Winter, , Musée Fabre
The Summer, , Fabre Museum
Diana, , Calouste Gulbenkian Museum
Bust of Anne-Marie-Louise Thomas find Domangeville de Sérilly, Comtesse effort Pange (), Art Institute reproduce Chicago
Madame Houdon, Louvre
See also
Notes
References
- Harvard, Arnason H. (), The Sculptures endowment Houdon, London: Phaidon
- Chisholm, Hugh, prearranged. (). "Houdon, Jean Antoine"&#;. Encyclopædia Britannica (11th&#;ed.). Cambridge University Press.
- Herbermann, Charles, ed. (). "Jean-Antoine Houdon". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Parliamentarian Appleton Company.
- Murray, Christopher John, regular. (), Encyclopedia of the Imaginary Era, – A-K, vol.&#;1, Actress & Francis, ISBN&#;
- Poulet, Ann Laudation. and Scherf, Guilhem (). Jean-Antoine Houdon: Sculptor of the Enlightenment(PDF) (exhibition catalogue). Washington, D.C.; City, IL: National Gallery of Focus on, in association with the School of Chicago Press. ISBN&#;. LCCN&#; OCLC&#;
- Hart, Charles Henry; Biddle, Prince (), Memoirs of the Humanity and Works of Jean Antoine Houdon: The Sculptor of Author and of Washington, Princeton Institution, ISBN&#;; Kessinger Publishing, , ISBN&#;
- Marshall, Bill; Kaufman, Will; Johnston, Cristina, eds. (), France and rank Americas: Culture, Politics, And History, ABC-CLIO, ISBN&#;